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summarize

Using PID to achieve constant temperature is one of the simplest PID controls and one of the most intuitive examples of the specific meaning of PID.

The so-called constant temperature control is that the temperature is high, let it be lower, low let it be higher, and always keep the target temperature constant control. This has a wide range of applications in various thermostat devices, such as rice cookers, water heaters, air conditioners… Let’s wait.

This paper is to learn PID control by realizing simple constant temperature control.

PID basic concept and characteristics

PID controller, is in the process control, according to the proportion of deviation (P), integral (I) and differential (D) control, is the most widely used automatic controller. In this case, we can simply call them proportionators, integrators, and differentiators, and they all ultimately tell the cpu how to output control.

Basic formula: G(s)=Kp+KIS+KDS=KDS2+KPS+KIS

Controller input: deviation between target signal and observed signal

Controller output: The amount of control that drives the controlled system

So PID is a closed-loop control algorithm, to achieve PID algorithm, must have closed-loop control on the hardware, which must have feedback. For example, to control a temperature, there must be a sensor to measure the temperature, and the results are fed back to the control route to achieve temperature control.

It has the advantages of simple principle, easy implementation and wide application. Although for PID controllers, the roles of P, I and D are complementary and coupled with each other, but fortunately, the influence of each parameter on the performance of the controller is strong and weak, so the control parameters are relatively independent, and the selection of parameters is relatively simple. Moreover, it can be proved in theory that PID controller is an optimal control for the typical process control objects of “first-order delay + pure delay” and “second-order delay + pure delay”. PID regulation is an effective method for continuous system dynamic quality correction, its parameter setting is simple, flexible structure change (PI, PD,…) .